Warnaud's Wiki

This page is read only. You can view the source, but not change it. Ask your administrator if you think this is wrong.
====== Introduction ======
:!: Update of [[os:openbsd:x230t|Install OpenBSD 5.9]] updated to openBSD 6.7
Tired of Systemd and some other layers in Linux, I will try to install OpenBSD my x230 Tablet, encrypting partitions with a key stored on a SD card/USBkey. (hello NSA)\\
I will use an openBSD67.\\
The x230 is modified, I added a mSATA drive (sd1) and changed the 500GB drive to a 1TB SSD(sd0) .\\
I removed totally Windows as I don't use it.

====== Downloads ======Lenovo X230T Install - Encrypted
[[http://www.openbsd.org/ftp.html#http|Install67.iso]] take the install*.fs for USB keys
====== disk Layout ======
I will use the following schema:
  * mSATA (sd1) 256GB for /
  * SATA (sd0) 1000GB for swap/var/home

^ Disk      ^ Partition       ^ Format          ^ Size     ^ Mount Point ^
|1      | 1         | RAID   | 230GB | / |
|1 | 2 | none | 26GB | fake trim |
|0 | 1 | swap | 16GB | OpenBSD swap |
|0 | 2 | RAID | 950GB | /var, /tmp and /home |

====== Installation ======
Boot from the iso/usb key\\
Select the shell (by type '**s**') when arriving on the following:\\
(I)nstall, (U)pgrade, (A)utoinstall, (S)hell?\\

===== Disk partitionning =====
to know what disks are recognised
<code bash>sysctl hw.disknames</code>
We will create the above partitions using fdisk/disklabel tools.\\
\\
<code bash>fdisk -iy sd1</code>
the output is
<code>fdisk ; sd1: No such file or directory</code>
Let's create the device
<code bash>cd /dev
sh ./MAKEDEV sd0 sd1
</code>
An run again:
<code bash>fdisk -iy sd1</code>
the output is largely nicer:
<code>Writing MBR at offset 0.</code>
<code bash>fdisk -iy sd0</code>
Let's partition sd0 and sd1
<code bash>disklabel -E sd1
sd1> a
partition: [a]
offset: [64]
size: [500103386] 95%
FS type: [4.2BSD] RAID
sd1*> w
sd1> q
</code>
Done for sd1 (I leave 5% free for TRIM as I got no clear details whether or not I need it or not if it is working or not and well 95% of 256GB should be enough for / :-) )\\
Let's partition sd0
<code bash>disklabel -E sd0
sd0> a
partition: [a]
offset: [0]
size: [976773168] 16g
FS type: [4.2BSD] swap
sd0> a
partition: [b]
offset: [33559785]
size: [943213383]
FS type: [swap] RAID
sd0*> w
sd0> q
</code>
Here we do 2 partitions, swap (already encrypted) and a RAID one that will contained /var /tmp and /home)

===== SDcard/USBkey partitioning =====
Plug in your SD card/ USB stick, here it is named sd2
<code bash>cd /dev
sh ./MAKEDEV sd2
dd if=/dev/urandom of=/dev/rsd2c bs=1m
</code>
Don't forget to create the MBR
<code bash> fdisk -iy sd2 </code>
We just need around 1MB for the key so I will just create two very small partitions (d and e).
<code bash>disklabel -E sd2
sd2> a
partition: [a]d
offset: [64]
size: [124735488] 2m
FS type: [4.2BSD] RAID
sd2> a
partition: [a]e
offset: [16065]
size: [124735488] 2m
FS type: [4.2BSD] RAID
> w
> q
</code>

===== Let's encrypt =====
So for now we have sd1(m-sata)/sd0(SSD)/sd2(USB key)\\
Next step is an all-in-one step: we will encrypt sd1a and sd0b as softraid0 and save the key on the SD card.
<code bash>
bioctl -c C -C force -k sd2d -l sd0b softraid0
bioctl -c C -C force -k sd2e -l sd1a softraid0
</code>
Note: http://www.tedunangst.com/flak/post/OpenBSD-softraid-crypto-boot \\
Note 2: if you don't put **-C force** you might end up with \\
<code bash> openbsd softraid0 chunk already in use</code>

Output will be something like:
<code>sd3 at scsibus1 targ 1 lun 0: <OPENBSD, SR CRYPTO, 006>
sd3: 937482MB, 512 bytes/sector, 1919964855 sectors
softraid0: CRYPTO volume attached as sd3
</code>
and
<code>sd4 at scsibus1 targ 2 lun 0: <OPENBSD, SR CRYPTO, 006>
sd4: 244190MB, 512 bytes/sector, 50010858 sectors
softraid0: CRYPTO volume attached as sd4
</code>
We create the devices:
<code bash>
cd /dev
sh MAKEDEV sd3 sd4
</code>
Good practice, erase first MegaByte:
<code bash>dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/rsd3c bs=1m count=1
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/rsd4c bs=1m count=1</code>

So now we have sd3 and sd4 which we will use during the installation.
===== Install =====
Let's go back to the installation
<code bash>/install</code>
Select layout, configure network[em0], root password, sshd, timezone, user(s)…\\
When at the partitioning point, select the 2 new device (sd3 and sd4 in my case).\\
<code>Which disk is the root disk? [sd0] sd3
Use (W)hole disk MBR, whole disk (G)PT or (E)dit? [whole]W
[… auto partitions schema …]
Use (A)uto layout, (E)dit auto layout, or create (C)ustom layout? [a] c
sd3> a
partition: [a]a
offset: [64]
size: [475106246]
FS type: [4.2BSD]
mount point: [none] /
> w
> q
</code>
We do the same for sd4 (/var /tmp and /home)

<code bash>which disk do you wish to initialize? [done] sd4
Use (W)hole disk MBR, whole disk (G)PT or (E)dit? [whole]W
sd4> a
partition: [a]a
offset: [64]
size: [943208216] 20g
FS type: [4.2BSD]
mount point: [none] /var
sd4> a
partition: [b]
offset: [41945696]
size: [901262584] 10g
FS type: [swap] 4.2BSD
mount point: [none] /tmp
sd4> a
partition: [d]
offset: [62910528]
size: [880297752]
FS type: [4.2BSD]
mount point: [none] /home
> w
> q
</code>
And voilà.
<code bash>which disk do you wish to initialize? [done]</code>
Install the sets\\

http\\
no proxy\\
cdn.openbsd.org\\
/pub/OpenBSD/6.7/amd64\\
-game*\\


Installation should finish with a success, but **__DO NOT REBOOT YET__**
===== Final touch =====
We will tweak quickly the fstab to add the swap partition as well as some parameters:
<code bash>
sed 's/rw/rw,softdep,noatime/g' /mnt/etc/fstab > /mnt/a
echo '/dev/sd0a none swap sw 0 0' >> /mnt/a
mv /mnt/a /mnt/etc/fstab  Still in ~/.xsession
<code bash>
# activate scroll wheel button
xinput set-prop "/dev/wsmouse" "WS Pointer Wheel Emulation" 0
xinput set-prop "/dev/wsmouse" "WS Pointer Wheel Emulation Axes" 6 7 4 5
xinput set-prop "/dev/wsmouse" "WS Pointer Wheel Emulation Button" 2
xinput set-prop "/dev/wsmouse" "WS Pointer Wheel Emulation Timeout" 50
xinput set-prop "/dev/wsmouse" "WS Pointer Wheel Emulation Inertia" 3

 
</code>
Done, everything is ready! ready to reboot
<code bash>reboot</code>

The trick for all this installation is that all sd* MUST have MBR otherwise you get an error like
<code bash>openbsd softraid0: not valid softraid metadata</code>
or
<code bash>openbsd installboot: invalid boot record signature 0x0000 @ sector 0 Failed to install bootblocks -hyper</code>

Solution for the above errors:
<code bash> dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/rsdXc bs=10m count=1</code> then repartition


====== Backup of the Keys ======
<code bash>dd if=/dev/rsd2d of=key1.img bs=1m
dd if=/dev/rsd2e of=key2.img bs=1m
</code>

====== Switching to -current ======
Optional, but thrilling!
<code bash>
cd /
mv /bsd.rd /bsd.rd.sav
wget http://mirror.switch.ch/ftp/pub/OpenBSD/snapshots/amd64/bsd.rd
</code>
Reboot
<code bash>
reboot
</code>
At boot prompt type:
<code>
boot> boot bsd.rd
</code>
Then use the "upgrade" method, give your keyboard layout, your root device/partition.\\
When upgrade is done, type again "reboot".\\
Once reboot use sysmerge to merge/check modifications
<code bash>
sysmerge
</code>
And voilà ! you are in -current

====== Laptop tweaks ======
===== apm =====
In order to keep some battery:
<code bash>vi /etc/rc.conf.local</code>
add
<code>
apmd_flags="-A"         # Set apmd(8) to automatic performance adjustment mode. 
apmd_enable="YES"
</code>
or
<code bash> 
rcctl enable apmd
rcctl set apmd flags -A
rcctl start apmd
</code>

===== desktop reactivity =====
In /etc/rc.conf.local add:
<code>
multicast_host=YES
ntpd_flags="-s"
hotplugd_flags=""
</code>
In /etc/login.conf change:
<code>
       :datasize-max=512M:\
       :datasize-cur=512M:\

</code>
by (at least)
<code>
       :datasize-max=1024M:\
       :datasize-cur=1024M:\
</code>
Reference: http://www.bsdnow.tv/tutorials/the-desktop-obsd
====== Xorg ======
All set nicely
===== Touchpad =====
In your ~/.xsession
<code bash>
#!/bin/sh

# deactivate touchpad
synclient TouchpadOff=1
</code>

===== Scrolling =====
# increase pointer speed
<code bash>
xinput set-prop "/dev/wsmouse" "Device Accel Constant Deceleration" 0.4
</code>
====== Locales ======
Still in ~/.xsession
<code bash>
# set locale
export LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"
export LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"
</code>
====== Network ======
First download everything needed:
<code bash>syspatch
fw_update</code>
ifconfig is your friend!\\
Simple example:
<code bash>ifconfig iwn0 nwid "my nice wifi" wpakey "4m4z1ngP4$$" up</code>
then if all is ok:
<code bash>dhclient iwn0</code>
You can scan networks (wifi)
<code bash>ifconfig iwn0 scan</code>

===== Failover network =====
===== local DNS =====

====== Security ======
===== PF =====
Basic rules in your /etc/pf.conf
<code>
#       $OpenBSD: pf.conf,v 1.54 2014/08/23 05:49:42 deraadt Exp $
#
# See pf.conf(5) and /etc/examples/pf.conf

set skip on lo

block return    # block stateless traffic
pass            # establish keep-state

# By default, do not permit remote connections to X11
block return in on ! lo0 proto tcp to port 6000:6010

set block-policy drop
match in all scrub (no-df random-id max-mss 1440)
antispoof quick for (egress)
block in quick on egress from { no-route urpf-failed } to any
block in all
pass out quick inet keep state
</code>
References: http://www.bsdnow.tv/tutorials/the-desktop-obsd
====== Fingerprint ======
<code bash> pkg_add -iv dbus fprintd login_fingerprint libfprint
/etc/rc.d/messagebus start
rcctl enable messagebus
</code>


====== Additional Packages ======
Time to play with pkg_add to put some useful tools:
<code bash>
pkg_add -Uu
pkg_add -iv firefox
pkg_add -iv ImageMagick irssi vim zsh rxvt-unicode fvwm2 xscreensaver rdesktop iftop rsync wget curl figlet dfc git subversion ranger emelfm2 ccze htop
</code>
====== Ports ======
You can install ports using a snapshot made for you!
<code bash>
cd /usr
wget https://mirror.ungleich.ch/pub/OpenBSD/snapshots/ports.tar.gz
tar xvzf ports.tar.gz
</code>
====== Finding packages ======
Two ways:
<code bash>
pkg_info yourpackage
</code>
or
<code bash>
cd /usr/ports
make search key=what_you_search
</code>

Reference: http://www.bsdnow.tv/tutorials/ports-obsd

====== Thing went wrong when ======
===== bootblocks are not installed =====
<code bash>
→ installboot: no OpenBSD partition
Failed to install bootblocks
You will not be able to boot OpenBSD from sd4
</code>
I had this issue when sd0 didn't had a MBR nor sd3 … dd saved the days :)

====== References ======
  * http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/9527/how-should-one-set-up-full-disk-encryption-on-openbsd
  * https://ryanak.ca/planet-ubuntu/2013/03/26/Setting-up-full-disk-encryption-in-OpenBSD-5.3.html
  * http://geekyschmidt.com/2011/01/19/configuring-openbsd-softraid-fo-encryption
  * http://brycv.com/blog/2012/encrypted-root-filesystem-using-softraid-4-on-openbsd-with-an-slc-ssd/
  * http://www.bsdnow.tv/tutorials/fde
  * http://man.openbsd.org/OpenBSD-current/man8/bioctl.8
  * http://geodsoft.com/howto/harden/OpenBSD/no_changes.htm
  * http://fsfe.soup.io/post/669752294/emergency-exit-OpenBSD-on-the-Thinkpad-X250
  * http://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq4.html
  * http://undeadly.org/cgi?action=article&sid=20110530221728
  * https://github.com/jhautefeuille/obsdnfo
  * http://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq14.html
  * http://geekyschmidt.com/2011/03/27/openbsd-laptop-mini-howto
  * http://www.tumfatig.net/20150215/bind-nsd-unbound-openbsd-5-6/
  * http://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq6.html
  * https://www.tumfatig.net/20190311/openbsd-laptop-with-full-disk-encryption/
  * https://www.c0ffee.net/blog/openbsd-on-a-laptop/