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--- os:archlinux:30l3-nosystemd [2021/12/29 20:01] – ↷ Page moved from archlinux:30l3-nosystemd to os:archlinux:30l3-nosystemd warnaud
+++ os:archlinux:30l3-nosystemd [2021/12/29 20:01] (current) – ↷ Links adapted because of a move operation warnaud
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+====== INTRODUCTION ======
+After some tests on opnBSD/FreeBSD/TrueOS (the 2 last for zfs usage) I need to have a working laptop with Rolling Release method, simple to tweak and maintain.
+I will use archlinux-2016.12.01-dual.iso, install with btrfs and switch to openrc instead of systemd
+Process is painful... an easier way would be to use archbang Linux...
+====== Hardware ======
+I enhanced the almighty Thinkpad with a Crucial M4 mSATA Drive of 256GB
+I intend to put the system on this SSD and home, swap and /var on the spinning 500GB disk :) like so:
+====== Partition table ======
+^Disk^Partition^Name^Label^Size^Format^Comment^
+|SSD|1|sdb1|ARCHROOT|256+GB|BTRF| / for Archlinux |
+|HD|1|sda1|SWAP|32GB|Linux Swap|swap for Linux|
+|HD|2|sda2|VAR|50GB|BTRFS|/var for Linux|
+|HD|3|sda3|HOME|389GB|NTRFS|/home for Linux|
+Simple :-)
+====== Base install ======
+===== References =====
+  * [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Installation_Guide|Installation guide]]
+  * [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/ThinkPad_X230|Thinkpad x230]]
+===== ssh root login =====
+ssh root login is already allowed
+grab the ip
+<code bash>
+ip addr show
+</code>
+Start sshd
+<code bash>
+systemctl start sshd
+</code>
+change root passwd
+<code bash>
+passwd
+</code>
+Now you can connect remotely from another host
+set the partition using cfdisk like displayed in the table above
+==== Formatting ====
+Let's format all these partitions in btrfs/swap format with LABELS!!.
+<code bash>
+mkfs.btrfs -L ARCHROOT /dev/sdb1
+mkfs.btrfs -L ARCHVAR /dev/sda2
+mkfs.btrfs -L ARCHHOME /dev/sda3
+mkswap -L SWAP /dev/sda1
+</code>
+===== Mount partitions=====
+<code bash>
+mkdir /mnt/{home,var}
+mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt
+mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/var
+mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/home
+swapon /dev/sda1
+</code>
+Check all is fine:
+<code bash>
+mount
+</code>
+Thank you systemd for this horrible output....
+===== Base system =====
+Then install base packages plus base-devel packages
+<code bash>
+pacstrap /mnt base base-devel
+</code>
+===== Fstab =====
+For SSD tweaks and to make it shine: [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Solid_State_Drives|SSD]]
+  * generate fstab
+<code bash>genfstab -L -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
+</code>
+Yes I use Labels, UUID sucks
+  * check fstab for options and label in place (for me it did a good job)
+===== Bootloader =====
+I use Syslinux since it does its job well and didn't fall into useless overkill configuration files and tools! [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Syslinux|Syslinux]]
+<code bash>
+pacstrap /mnt syslinux
+</code>
+====== Configuration ======
+===== Environment =====
+Let's go to our new system!
+<code bash>arch-chroot /mnt </code>
+  * /etc/hostname
+<code bash> echo 30L3 > /etc/hostname </code>
+  * /etc/locale.gen
+I'll use en_US.utf-8/iso8859 so uncomment:
+<code>
+en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
+en_US ISO-8859-1
+</code>
+The generate locales
+<code bash> locale-gen </code>
+  * /etc/locale.conf [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Locale|Locale]]
+<code bash>
+LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
+# Keep the default sort order (e.g. files starting with a '.'
+# should appear at the start of a directory listing.)
+LC_COLLATE="C"
+</code>
+  * /etc/vconsole.conf
+Default keyboard in console (US variant international ... with a different mapping than on X11! Well done)
+<code bash>echo "KEYMAP=us-acentos" > /etc/vconsole.conf</code>
+  * /etc/localtime
+<code bash>ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Paris /etc/localtime</code>
+  * /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
+Double check the content,
+then just regenerate it in case ...
+<code bash>mkinitcpio -p linux</code>
+got scary:
+<code bash>
+==> ERROR: file not found: `fsck.btrfs'
+==> WARNING: No fsck helpers found. fsck will not be run on boot.
+</code>
+  * /boot/syslinux/syslinux.cfg
+I left it by default (for now ;-) ) WARNING: No fsck helpers found. fsck will not be run on boot.\\
+:!: Check that Linux start from /dev/sdb1 not sdaX ...
+Then the magic:
+<code bash> /usr/sbin/syslinux-install_update -i -a -m</code>
+output:
+<code bash>
+Syslinux BIOS install successful
+Attribute Legacy Bios Bootable Set - /dev/sdb1
+Installed MBR (/usr/lib/syslinux/bios/gptmbr.bin) to /dev/sdb
+</code>
+if errors, install gptfdisk package or what's required :)
+  * root password
+<code bash>passwd</code>
+===== Reboot=====
+==== Umount stuff cleanly ====
+First use Ctrl+D to escape from the chroot\\
+then:
+<code bash>umount /mnt/var /mnt/home /mnt</code>
+Now is the time to light a candle and type
+<code bash>reboot</code>
+===== SSHd =====
+Access remotely:
+<code bash> pacman -Sy openssh </code>
+Enable it at boot
+===== User =====
+<code bash>
+useradd -g users -m -s /bin/bash warnaud
+passwd warnaud
+</code>
+use **visudo** to set appropriate rights for the user
+===== Install some X=====
+ pacman -S xorg-server xorg-apps xorg-fonts xorg-fonts-100dpi xorg-fonts-75dpi xorg-twm xorg-xclock xorg-xinit xorg-xdm xterm xf86-video-intel xorg-xmessage xorg-xcalc xorg-xfontsel xorg-utils vim
+We have intel video card so we need to add some modules at boot for KMS
+<code bash>
+vi /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
+</code>
+<code>
+...
+MODULES="i915"
+...
+</code>
+Acceleration method
+<code>vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf</code>
+<code>
+Section "Device"
+   Identifier  "Intel Graphics"
+   Driver      "intel"
+   Option      "AccelMethod"  "sna"
+EndSection
+</code>
+<code> vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-evdev.conf </code>
+<code bash>
+Section "InputClass"
+        Identifier "evdev keyboard catchall"
+        MatchIsKeyboard "on"
+        MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
+        Driver "evdev"
+        Option "XkbLayout" "us"
+        Option "XkbVariant" "intl"
+EndSection
+</code>
+==== XDM ====
+Reference: [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/XDM]]
+<code bash>pacman -S xorg-xdm</code>
+Enable systemd service
+<code bash>systemctl enable xdm.service</code>
+==== i915 ====
+Power consumption for Intel Graphics:
+<code bash>vi /etc/modprobe.d/modprobe.conf</code>
+<code bash>options i915 i915_enable_rc6=1 i915_enable_fbc=1 lvds_downclock=1</code>
+Rebuild the kernel:
+<code bash>mkinitcpio -p linux && mkinitcpio -p linux-ck</code>
+===== Thinkpad =====
+==== Wacom ====
+Reference: [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Wacom]]
+Install the driver:
+<code bash>pacman -S xf86-input-wacom</code>
+FIXME la suite ...
+==== Disable Touchpad ====
+Deactivate the useless touchpad:
+<code> vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-evdev.conf </code>
+<code bash>
+Section "InputClass"
+        Identifier "evdev touchpad catchall"
+        MatchIsTouchpad "off"
+        MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
+        Driver "evdev"
+EndSection
+</code>
+FIXME Check alternate solution:[[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Synaptics_Touchpad]]
+==== TrackNav enhancement ====
+This hack will enable scrolling using the middle button + the TrackPoint™®©
+<code bash>vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-thinkpad.conf</code>
+<code bash>
+Section "InputClass"
+    Identifier	"Trackpoint Wheel Emulation"
+    MatchProduct	    "TPPS/2 IBM TrackPoint|DualPoint Stick|Synaptics Inc. Composite TouchPad / TrackPoint|ThinkPad USB Keyboard with TrackPoint|USB Trackpoint pointing device"
+    MatchDevicePath	    "/dev/input/event*"
+    Option		    "EmulateWheel"        "true"
+    Option		    "EmulateWheelButton"  "2"
+    Option		    "Emulate3Buttons"	  "false"
+    Option		    "XAxisMapping"	  "6 7"
+    Option		    "YAxisMapping"        "4 5"
+EndSection
+</code>
+===== Other software =====
+==== Archlinuxfr repository ====
+We need yaourt to install a bunch of aur packages for openrc
+<code bash>vi /etc/pacman.conf</code>
+<code bash>
+...
+[archlinuxfr]
+SigLevel = Never
+Server = http://repo.archlinux.fr/$arch
+</code>
+\o/ No signature
+==== Sudo ====
+<code bash>pacman -S sudo</code>
+<code bash>visudo</code>
+<code bash>
+...
+root ALL=(ALL) ALL
+someuser ALL=(ALL) ALL</code>
+Just add the 'someuser' line and change by the user you need
+==== Compilation options =====
+:!: just for fun not really mandatory
+Reference: [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Makepkg.conf]]
+<code bash>vi /etc/makepkg.conf</code>
+Modify CFLAGS/CXXFLAGS:
+<code bash>
+# -march=native also sets the correct -mtune=
+CFLAGS="-march=native -O2 -pipe -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2"
+CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"
+</code>
+Modify MAKEFLAGS (4 = output of nproc)
+<code bash>MAKEFLAGS="-j4"</code>
+:!::!::!::!::!::!: WORK IN PROGRESS :!::!::!::!::!::!::!::!:
+==== Switch to openrc =====
+bye bye systemd!
+<code bash>
+yaourt -S openrc-sysvinit
+</code>
+This will install sysvinit also.
+This will conflict with systemd crap, remove it:
+<code bash>
+Remove systemd-sysvcompat? [y/N] y
+ yaourt -S openrc
+</code>
+use openrc-git to be super bleeding edge :)
+</code>
+Next, install some arch services + network service tools
+<code bash>
+ yaourt -S openrc-arch-services-git net-tools
+</code>
+===== openrc & bootloader =====
+I use syslinux, the trick is to add init=/usr/bin/init-openrc to the kernel parameters of your bootloader configuration file
+for me on **/boot/syslinux/syslinux.cfg**:
+<code>
+LABEL arch-ck
+        MENU LABEL Arch Linux CK
+        LINUX ../vmlinuz-linux-ck-ivybridge
+        APPEND root=/dev/sdb1 ro resume=/dev/sda1 vga=792 init=/usr/bin/init-openrc
+        INITRD ../initramfs-linux-ck-ivybridge.img quiet vga=current ipv6.disable=1 elevator=bfq pcie_aspm=force acpi_backlight=vendor
+</code>
+After a reboot, systemd is gone LOL
+===== recommended services =====
+<code bash>
+rc-update add udev sysinit
+rc-update add dcron default
+rc-update add dbus default
+rc-update add alsa default
+rc-update add syslog-ng default
+</code>
+Then it is safe to reboot ;)
+Nightmare after reboot, first xdm do not work/start... second network card naming is the same as systemd...
+====== References ======
+  * https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/OpenRC
+  * https://blog.notfoss.com/posts/openrc-on-arch-linux/
+  * https://github.com/throwawaygh/arch-openrc-guide
+  * [[os:archlinux:30l3|Overview]] my previous install
+# rc-update add dcron default